|
aestivate
|
to
be inactive in response to summer heat or scarcity of water |
|
cirrus;
cirri (pl.)
|
slender
elongations of the upper lip on some male salamanders, one hanging
below each nostril at the bottom of the nasolabial groove |
|
cloaca
|
common
passage or cavity of the digestive, reproductive, and excretory systems |
|
cloacal
glands
|
glands
in the wall of the cloaca that function during reproduction |
|
costal
grooves
|
vertical
creases on the outside body wall that correspond in location and number
to the ribs |
|
courtship
|
pattern
of behavioral interactions between males and females during reproduction
|
|
direct
development
|
development
in terrestrial salamanders in which the hatchling resembles the adult
in body form; no larval stage occurs |
|
eft
|
immature
terrestrial juvenile of the eastern newt |
|
endangered
species
|
a
species in danger of becoming extinct within all or part of its range |
|
extirpate
|
to exterminate from a part of a species' range |
|
fragmentation
|
division
into smaller sections that often have no connections |
|
juvenile
|
individual
that has not attained sexual maturity |
|
larva;
larvae (pl.)
|
aquatic,
gilled, immature salamander |
|
mental
gland
|
cluster
of glands on the chin of a male salamander, most noticeable during
the breeding season |
|
mucous
(adj.); mucus (n.)
|
clear,
watery, glandular secretion that covers the skin and keeps it moist |
|
nasolabial
grooves
|
in
lungless salamanders, tiny grooves that extend from the nostrils to
the lower edge of the upper lip, and onto the cirri if they are present
|
|
respiration
(n.);
respiratory (adj.)
|
exchange
of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the atmosphere |
|
secondary
sexual features
|
characteristics
expressed during the breeding season, such as enlarged mental glands,
cloacal glands, and cirri in male salamanders |
|
siltation
|
deposition
of fine mineral particles (silt) on the beds of streams or lakes |
|
spermatophore
|
small
sperm-bearing structure produced in the male's cloaca and attached
to some object or surface outside the body during courtship; used
to make sperm available to the female |
|
terrestrial
|
land-based,
or living on land |
|
tetrodotoxin
|
a
chemical found in the skin of newts, it causes vomiting and may cause
paralysis |
|
threatened
species
|
a
species likely to become endangered |
|
transform
|
in
salamanders, to change from the larval form to the terrestrial form,
which involves absorption of the gills and tail fin, and other changes
|
|
triploid
|
having
three sets of chromosomes per cell instead of the usual two sets |
